Milk Thistle (Silymarin)

Renowned herbal extract for comprehensive liver support and detoxification.

Also known as: Silybum marianum • Silymarin • Carduus marianus

other Names
Holy Thistle, Mary Thistle, St. Mary's Thistle
primary Benefits
Liver protection, detoxification, antioxidant support
common Dose
150-700mg of Silymarin daily
best Form
Standardized extract (80% Silymarin)
timing
With meals to enhance absorption
safety Rating
Generally safe with few side effects.

Overview

Milk Thistle is a flowering herb whose seeds contain the active compound complex, Silymarin. It has been used for centuries for its potent liver-protective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, primarily supporting liver cell regeneration and shielding it from toxins.

Key Benefits

Liver Protection

Protects liver cells from damage caused by toxins, alcohol, and certain medications by stabilizing cell membranes.

Promotes Liver Regeneration

Stimulates protein synthesis in liver cells, which helps to regenerate damaged liver tissue.

Antioxidant Power

Silymarin is a powerful antioxidant that helps to neutralize free radicals, reducing oxidative stress in the liver and throughout the body.

Supports Detoxification

Enhances the liver's natural detoxification pathways, aiding in the elimination of harmful substances.

Dosage & How to Take

A standard dose is 150-200mg of Silymarin, taken 1-3 times per day.

PurposeDoseNotes
General Liver Health150-300mg Silymarin/dayOften taken in divided doses.
Toxin-Induced Liver Damage420-700mg Silymarin/dayHigher doses may be used under medical supervision.

Best Time to Take

Best taken with food to minimize potential gastrointestinal upset and improve absorption.

With or Without Food

Yes, recommended.

Forms & Bioavailability

FormAbsorptionBest ForNotes
Standardized ExtractHighLiver supportLook for extracts standardized to 80% Silymarin for best results.
Phosphatidylcholine ComplexVery HighEnhanced absorptionSilymarin bound to phosphatidylcholine (Siliphos) shows superior bioavailability.

Side Effects & Safety

Common

  • Mild gastrointestinal upset
  • Diarrhea
  • Bloating

Rare

  • Allergic reactions (especially in those with ragweed allergies)

Contraindications

  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding (consult a doctor)
  • Hormone-sensitive conditions (e.g., breast cancer) due to possible estrogenic effects.

Interactions

Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) substratesModerate

May decrease the metabolism of drugs like warfarin.

Diabetes medicationsModerate

May lower blood sugar levels, requiring dose adjustments.

Scientific Research

2017World Journal of Gastroenterology

Silymarin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Systematic reviews show Silymarin improves liver enzymes (ALT and AST) in patients with NAFLD.

Food Sources

Not consumed as a food.

Products With Milk Thistle (Silymarin)

2 products in our database contain this ingredient

Frequently Asked Questions

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.