Butterbur

An herbal extract known for its effectiveness in relieving hay fever and migraine symptoms.

Also known as: Petasites hybridus • Butterbur for Allergies

other Names
Petasites hybridus, Blatterdock, Bog Rhubarb
primary Benefits
Relieves seasonal allergy symptoms, prevents migraines.
common Dose
50-75 mg of extract twice daily
best Form
PA-free (pyrrolizidine alkaloid-free) extract
timing
Can be taken with or without food.
safety Rating
Safe when using certified PA-free products.

Overview

Butterbur is a plant that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine. Its extracts, particularly from the root, contain compounds called petasins, which are believed to be responsible for its therapeutic effects. Butterbur is most well-known for its ability to reduce the symptoms of allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and prevent migraines. It works by acting as an anti-inflammatory and inhibiting leukotrienes, which are inflammatory chemicals involved in allergic reactions.

Key Benefits

Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) Relief

Acts as a natural antihistamine, effectively reducing sneezing, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes without causing drowsiness.

Migraine Prevention

Helps reduce the frequency, intensity, and duration of migraine headaches.

Anti-inflammatory Effects

The active compounds, petasin and isopetasin, reduce inflammation by inhibiting leukotriene synthesis.

Dosage & How to Take

For allergies, a typical dose is 50-75 mg of a PA-free extract twice daily.

PurposeDoseNotes
Allergic Rhinitis50-75 mg twice dailyUse during allergy season.
Migraine Prevention50-75 mg twice dailyMay take 4-6 weeks to see full effect.

Best Time to Take

Consistent timing is key. Can be taken with or without food.

With or Without Food

Optional.

Forms & Bioavailability

FormAbsorptionBest ForNotes
PA-Free Standardized ExtractGoodSafety and efficacy.CRITICAL to use only products certified free of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which can cause liver damage.

Side Effects & Safety

Common

  • Belching
  • Headache
  • Itchy eyes
  • Drowsiness (less common than with antihistamines)

Rare

  • Fatigue
  • Upset stomach

Contraindications

  • Avoid raw, unprocessed butterbur herb due to toxic PAs.
  • Not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women.
  • Individuals with liver disease should consult a doctor.

Interactions

Anticholinergic drugsModerate

May have additive effects.

Drugs metabolized by the liver (CYP3A4)Moderate

May interact with various medications.

Scientific Research

2007Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

Butterbur, a herbal remedy for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review

The review of several studies concluded that butterbur is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for allergic rhinitis.

Food Sources

Not consumed as a food. The plant is used only for its medicinal extracts.

Frequently Asked Questions

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.