Bupleurum
The great harmonizer, releasing tension and soothing the Liver.
Also known as: Bupleurum chinense • Chai Hu • Thorowax Root
Overview
Bupleurum, or Chai Hu, is a pivotal herb in Chinese medicine for dredging the Liver and relieving constraint. It is not a tonic, but a regulator. It is used when Liver Qi becomes stagnant due to stress, causing symptoms like irritability, chest tightness, and digestive upset. It is also used to harmonize the interior and exterior to resolve fevers, particularly alternating chills and fever.
Key Benefits
Stress and Emotional Regulation
As the premier herb for stagnant Liver Qi, it is used to treat the physical and emotional symptoms of stress, such as frustration, mood swings, and a sensation of being 'stuck'.
Harmonizes Shao Yang Stage Illness
It is the chief herb for treating illnesses characterized by alternating chills and fever, a bitter taste in the mouth, and flank pain.
Relieves Tension and Pain
It soothes the flow of Qi, relieving tension headaches, rib-side pain, and premenstrual symptoms like breast tenderness.
Lifts Sunken Qi
In combination with tonics, it can be used to lift the Qi in cases of organ prolapse.
Dosage & How to Take
The typical dose is 3-9 grams in a decoction. The dose and preparation method vary depending on the intended action.
| Purpose | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Liver Qi Stagnation | 6-9g per day | Use vinegar-fried Bupleurum (Cu Chai Hu) to enhance its Liver-soothing action. |
| Fever Reduction | 9-12g per day | Use the raw form (Sheng Chai Hu) for a stronger fever-reducing effect. |
Best Time to Take
Best taken between meals so as not to interfere with digestion.
With or Without Food
Should be taken away from food.
Forms & Bioavailability
| Form | Absorption | Best For | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dried Root | Good | Decoctions | Can be used raw (Sheng) for clearing heat or fried with vinegar (Cu) for soothing the Liver. |
| Extract | High | Tablets, capsules | Often found in popular patent formulas like 'Xiao Yao San' (Free and Easy Wanderer). |
Side Effects & Safety
Common
- Generally safe when used for the correct pattern. Can cause nausea or upset stomach in some people.
Rare
- May cause dizziness or headache if used incorrectly.
Contraindications
- Strongly contraindicated in cases of Liver Yin deficiency or Liver Yang rising, as its acrid, dispersing nature can worsen these conditions. Not for long-term use without a clear diagnosis of Qi stagnation.
Interactions
Some studies suggest Bupleurum may increase side effects of interferon therapy, such as fever.
Scientific Research
The potential of Bupleurum species in the treatment of inflammatory diseases
Saikosaponins, the active compounds in Bupleurum, have demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory effects in numerous studies.
Food Sources
Frequently Asked Questions
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.