Niacin
An essential B vitamin for energy metabolism and cardiovascular health.
Also known as: Vitamin B3 • Nicotinic Acid
Overview
Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in energy production, DNA repair, and antioxidant functions. It is also used in high doses to help manage cholesterol levels, although this should only be done under medical supervision.
Key Benefits
Supports Energy Metabolism
Niacin is a key component of coenzymes involved in the conversion of food into energy.
Helps Manage Cholesterol Levels
In high doses, niacin can help to lower LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides, while raising HDL (good) cholesterol.
Promotes Skin Health
Niacinamide, a form of niacin, is often used in skincare products to improve skin health and appearance.
Dosage & How to Take
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for niacin is 16 mg for men and 14 mg for women. For cholesterol management, doses of 1-2 grams per day are often used, but this should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional due to the risk of side effects.
| Purpose | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| General Health | 14-16 mg | The RDA for most adults. |
| Cholesterol Management | 1000-2000 mg | Requires medical supervision. |
Best Time to Take
With food to minimize flushing and stomach upset.
With or Without Food
Should be taken with food.
Forms & Bioavailability
| Form | Absorption | Best For | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotinic Acid | High | Cholesterol management | This form is effective for lowering cholesterol but can cause flushing. |
| Niacinamide | High | General health and skin support | This form does not cause flushing but is not effective for cholesterol management. |
| Inositol Hexanicotinate | Medium | No-flush niacin | Marketed as a no-flush form of niacin, but its effectiveness for cholesterol management is debated. |
Side Effects & Safety
Common
- Flushing (redness, warmth, and itching of the skin)
- Stomach upset
- Dizziness
Rare
- Liver damage (with high doses)
- Increased blood sugar
- Gout
Contraindications
- People with liver disease, peptic ulcers, or arterial bleeding should not take high doses of niacin.
Interactions
Taking niacin with statins may increase the risk of muscle damage.
Niacin can enhance the effects of blood pressure medication, leading to low blood pressure.
Niacin can raise blood sugar levels, so adjustments to diabetes medication may be necessary.
Scientific Research
Niacin: the evidence, clinical use, and future directions
Niacin has been used for decades to treat dyslipidemia, but its role in modern therapy is being re-evaluated.
Niacin for the treatment of hyperlipidemia: a review
Niacin is an effective lipid-modifying drug, but its use is limited by side effects, particularly flushing.
Food Sources
Products With Niacin
6 products in our database contain this ingredient
Frequently Asked Questions
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.