Mullein

A traditional herbal remedy for respiratory ailments, known for its soothing and expectorant properties.

Also known as: Verbascum thapsus • Great mullein

other Names
Verbascum thapsus, Great mullein, Aaron's rod
primary Benefits
Soothes respiratory tract, acts as an expectorant, reduces inflammation
common Dose
1-2 teaspoons of dried herb per cup of tea, or 1-2 ml of tincture
best Form
Tea, tincture, or oil
timing
As needed for respiratory symptoms
safety Rating
Generally Safe

Overview

Mullein (Verbascum thapsus) is a biennial plant that is native to Europe, northern Africa, and Asia, and has been naturalized in the Americas and Australia. It has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine, particularly for respiratory conditions. The leaves and flowers of the mullein plant are used to make teas, extracts, and oils. Mullein is believed to have expectorant, demulcent, and anti-inflammatory properties. As an expectorant, it helps to loosen and expel mucus from the lungs, making it useful for coughs, colds, and bronchitis. As a demulcent, it soothes and protects irritated mucous membranes in the throat and respiratory tract. Mullein is also used topically in the form of an oil to treat earaches and skin irritations. While more scientific research is needed to confirm its effectiveness, mullein remains a popular and widely used herbal remedy for respiratory support.

Key Benefits

Soothes Respiratory Ailments

Mullein has demulcent properties that help to soothe irritated mucous membranes in the throat and lungs.

Acts as an Expectorant

Mullein helps to loosen and expel mucus, making coughs more productive.

Reduces Inflammation

Mullein has anti-inflammatory properties that may help to reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract.

Dosage & How to Take

Mullein can be prepared as a tea by steeping 1-2 teaspoons of the dried leaves or flowers in a cup of hot water for 10-15 minutes. The tea should be strained through a fine cloth to remove the plant's tiny hairs, which can be irritating.

PurposeDoseNotes
Respiratory Support1-2 cups of tea or 1-2 ml of tincture, 2-3 times dailyCan be used as needed for coughs, colds, and other respiratory symptoms.
EarachesA few drops of mullein oil in the affected earThe oil should be warmed to body temperature before use.

Best Time to Take

As needed for symptoms.

With or Without Food

Can be taken with or without food.

Forms & Bioavailability

FormAbsorptionBest ForNotes
Mullein TeaModerateSoothing the throat and respiratory tract.Made from the dried leaves and flowers.
Mullein TinctureHighA more concentrated form of mullein.Made by extracting the plant's compounds in alcohol.
Mullein OilN/ATopical use for earaches and skin irritations.Made by infusing the flowers in oil.

Side Effects & Safety

Common

  • Generally well-tolerated.

Rare

  • Skin irritation (from the plant's fine hairs)

Contraindications

  • There is not enough information to know if mullein is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Interactions

None knownNone

There are no known interactions with mullein.

Scientific Research

2011Journal of Ethnopharmacology

A review of the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Verbascum thapsus L. (mullein)

Mullein has a long history of traditional use for respiratory ailments, and modern research is beginning to support some of these uses.

2018BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Antiviral activity of mullein extracts against influenza virus

In a laboratory study, mullein extracts showed antiviral activity against the influenza virus.

Food Sources

The leaves and flowers of the mullein plant are not typically consumed as a food.

Frequently Asked Questions

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.