Synephrine
A stimulant commonly used for weight management and athletic performance.
Also known as: Bitter Orange Extract
Overview
Synephrine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in the bitter orange fruit (Citrus aurantium). It is structurally similar to ephedrine, but with a better safety profile. Synephrine is often included in weight loss supplements for its ability to increase metabolism and suppress appetite.
Key Benefits
Boosts Metabolism
Synephrine can increase the body's metabolic rate, leading to more calories burned at rest.
Suppresses Appetite
It may help reduce feelings of hunger, making it easier to stick to a calorie-controlled diet.
Enhances Energy and Focus
Synephrine has stimulant properties that can improve energy levels and mental focus.
Dosage & How to Take
Synephrine dosage should be started low to assess tolerance. It is often stacked with other fat-burning ingredients.
| Purpose | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Weight Management | 20-30 mg, 1-3 times daily | Do not exceed 100 mg per day. |
| Athletic Performance | 50 mg | Take 30-60 minutes before exercise. |
Best Time to Take
Take 30 minutes before meals to help with appetite control, or before a workout for an energy boost.
With or Without Food
Can be taken with or without food.
Forms & Bioavailability
| Form | Absorption | Best For | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standardized Extract | High | Accurate dosing | Look for products standardized for p-synephrine. |
| Capsules | High | Convenience | Easy to take and dose. |
Side Effects & Safety
Common
- Increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, jitters
Rare
- Headaches, anxiety, insomnia
Contraindications
- Individuals with heart conditions, high blood pressure, or anxiety should avoid synephrine.
Interactions
Can lead to a dangerous increase in blood pressure.
Can potentiate the stimulant effects and increase the risk of side effects.
Scientific Research
A review of the human clinical studies involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract and its primary protoalkaloid p-synephrine
The review concluded that p-synephrine does not have significant cardiovascular effects at common dosages.
Safety of p-synephrine: A review
This review found that p-synephrine is safe for human consumption at typical doses.
Food Sources
Frequently Asked Questions
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.