Pyrroloquinoline Quinone

A vitamin-like compound that supports mitochondrial function and cognitive health.

Also known as: PQQ • Methoxatin

other Names
PQQ, Methoxatin
primary Benefits
Mitochondrial support, cognitive health, antioxidant
common Dose
10-20 mg daily
best Form
Capsules
timing
Can be taken anytime
safety Rating
Generally Safe

Overview

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a vitamin-like compound that is found in a variety of plant foods. It is also produced by bacteria in the soil. PQQ is a powerful antioxidant that plays a role in mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are the energy-producing centers of our cells, and PQQ helps to protect them from damage. It also stimulates the growth of new mitochondria, a process known as mitochondrial biogenesis. Research suggests that PQQ may have a number of health benefits, including supporting cognitive function, improving memory, and protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. It has also been studied for its potential to improve cardiovascular health and to reduce inflammation. PQQ is available as a dietary supplement, and is often combined with CoQ10 for a synergistic effect.

Key Benefits

Supports Mitochondrial Function

Helps to protect mitochondria from damage and stimulates the growth of new mitochondria.

Improves Cognitive Health

May help to improve memory and cognitive function.

Powerful Antioxidant

Helps to protect the body from damage caused by free radicals.

Dosage & How to Take

Dosage can vary depending on the intended use. It is best to follow the manufacturer's recommendations.

PurposeDoseNotes
General Health10 mg dailyA good starting dose.
Cognitive Support20 mg dailyHigher doses may be used for specific concerns.

Best Time to Take

Can be taken with or without food.

With or Without Food

Not necessary

Forms & Bioavailability

FormAbsorptionBest ForNotes
CapsulesHighConvenience and accurate dosingMost common form.

Side Effects & Safety

Common

  • Generally well-tolerated.

Rare

  • Headaches and fatigue in some individuals.

Contraindications

  • None known for most people.

Interactions

None knownMild

PQQ is generally considered safe and does not have any known drug interactions.

Scientific Research

2010Alternative Medicine Review

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone

PQQ is a novel vitamin-like compound that has been shown to have a wide range of benefits for brain and body. It has been shown to improve cognitive function and memory, and to protect against neurodegenerative diseases.

2016Journal of the American College of Nutrition

The effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone on cognitive function

PQQ supplementation has been shown to improve cognitive function in healthy older adults.

Food Sources

Parsley
Green peppers
Kiwi fruit
Papaya
Tofu

Frequently Asked Questions

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.