Evening Primrose Oil
A rich source of the omega-6 fatty acid GLA, used for hormonal balance and skin health.
Also known as: EPO • Oenothera biennis
Overview
Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) is extracted from the seeds of the evening primrose plant. Its main therapeutic property comes from its high concentration of Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid that the body can convert into anti-inflammatory compounds. EPO is widely used to support women's health, particularly for alleviating PMS symptoms, breast pain (mastalgia), and menopausal hot flashes, as well as for improving skin conditions like eczema.
Key Benefits
Reduces PMS Symptoms
GLA helps produce prostaglandins that can reduce the inflammation and hormonal fluctuations associated with PMS.
Alleviates Cyclical Breast Pain
Multiple studies have shown EPO to be effective in reducing the severity of cyclical mastalgia (breast pain linked to the menstrual cycle).
Improves Skin Health and Hydration
Can improve skin elasticity, moisture, and firmness, and reduce inflammation associated with conditions like eczema.
May Reduce Hot Flashes
Some studies suggest it can help reduce the severity and frequency of hot flashes in menopausal women.
Dosage & How to Take
Look for products containing 8-10% GLA.
| Purpose | Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| PMS and Breast Pain | 1,500-3,000 mg/day | May take 2-3 months to see full effect. |
| Skin Health (Eczema) | 1,000-2,000 mg/day | Use consistently for several weeks. |
Best Time to Take
Best taken in divided doses with meals to enhance absorption and minimize digestive upset.
With or Without Food
Yes, take with food.
Forms & Bioavailability
| Form | Absorption | Best For | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Softgel Capsules | High | Convenience and accurate dosing | Look for cold-pressed, hexane-free oil to ensure quality. |
| Liquid Oil | High | Topical application or for those who can't swallow pills | Can have a strong taste. |
Side Effects & Safety
Common
- Headache
- Nausea
- Upset stomach
Rare
- Allergic reactions
Contraindications
- Bleeding disorders
- Upcoming surgery (stop 2 weeks prior)
- Use with caution in individuals with seizure disorders.
Interactions
May increase the risk of bleeding.
May increase the risk of seizures in some individuals.
Scientific Research
Evening primrose oil and borage oil in rheumatologic conditions
A review of studies found that GLA from EPO and borage oil can reduce the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Food Sources
Products With Evening Primrose Oil
4 products in our database contain this ingredient
Frequently Asked Questions
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.